Long noncoding RNA regulation of Temozolomide resistance in p53-mutant Glioblastoma

Although TMZ is the fundamental treatment modality for GBM patients, the development of TMZ resistance contributes significantly towards GBM recurrence. TMZ resistance can either be acquired after initial treatment or is inherently characteristic based on tumour type with further complicates the identification of the source of TMZ resistance. Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are known to be involved in biological processes such as gene regulation, development, and progression of tumour. Studies have indicated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays a role in regulation various functions including those that impact disease progression. lncRNAs in particular are involved in epigenetic remodelling, subcellular localization, and transcriptional regulation. In cancers, the upregulation of lncRNAs promotes disease progression via regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion, maintenance of stemness and migration. Studies indicate that lncRNAs have an impact on tumorigenesis in GBM through the regulation of apoptosis and proliferation. Several other lncRNAs also promote cisplatin resistance in bladder, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, while, with regards to GBM, MALAT1, NEAT 1 and H19 affect the sensitivity towards chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of TMZ resistance that are associated with lncRNAs are yet to be elucidated.